MAJOR FOREIGN HOLDERS OF TREASURY SECURITIES (in billions of dollars) HOLDINGS 1/ AT END OF PERIOD Feb Jan Dec Nov Oct Sep Aug Jul Jun May Apr Mar Feb Country 2019 2019 2018 2018 2018 2018 2018 2018 2018 2018 2018 2018 2018 ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ China, Mainland 1130.9 1126.7 1123.5 1121.4 1138.9 1151.4 1165.1 1171.0 1191.2 1183.1 1181.9 1187.7 1176.7 Japan 1072.4 1070.2 1042.3 1036.6 1018.5 1028.0 1029.9 1035.5 1032.5 1048.9 1031.8 1044.4 1060.1 Brazil 307.7 305.1 303.1 311.4 313.9 317.0 317.8 299.7 300.1 299.2 294.1 286.0 272.9 United Kingdom 283.8 273.5 271.7 258.9 263.9 276.3 272.6 271.7 274.2 265.0 262.6 263.6 250.6 Ireland 274.1 270.2 280.0 279.6 287.3 290.4 311.6 300.2 301.1 301.0 300.6 318.1 314.2 Luxembourg 226.8 224.9 229.2 225.7 225.4 227.2 224.0 221.5 220.9 208.9 213.8 221.5 218.6 Switzerland 225.9 230.9 234.9 227.5 225.2 226.9 232.0 233.1 235.5 243.4 242.2 245.4 248.0 Cayman Islands 210.1 208.7 211.0 207.5 208.2 200.2 197.5 197.9 191.1 186.2 181.3 165.9 177.3 Hong Kong 202.4 200.8 196.2 189.2 185.0 192.3 193.2 194.4 196.4 191.9 194.1 196.3 196.6 Belgium 182.0 192.1 185.7 173.0 169.7 164.7 154.3 154.5 154.7 150.5 139.5 126.7 126.8 Saudi Arabia 167.0 162.6 171.6 169.9 171.3 176.1 169.5 166.8 164.3 162.2 159.9 151.2 150.9 Taiwan 164.9 168.3 157.3 155.4 162.4 166.5 163.2 164.2 162.6 164.8 168.1 170.1 170.7 India 144.3 144.9 141.3 138.5 138.2 144.0 140.6 142.6 147.3 148.9 152.8 157.0 152.9 Singapore 130.6 128.0 121.1 128.8 133.0 134.5 129.9 127.6 122.1 118.9 118.0 117.8 118.0 France 115.9 112.6 110.9 131.6 109.4 97.7 113.6 111.0 93.4 89.6 82.6 80.9 77.0 Korea 115.5 117.3 114.9 110.2 111.1 110.8 110.2 109.1 106.1 104.8 104.7 100.6 101.3 Canada 112.2 113.7 109.9 106.3 101.9 94.1 96.2 96.1 102.3 96.7 89.4 93.0 89.1 Norway 97.1 90.8 84.9 47.3 61.3 63.6 66.7 61.1 49.7 49.7 39.4 40.2 50.4 Thailand 90.9 83.7 72.0 64.9 65.3 66.1 63.3 63.0 58.6 62.2 60.8 57.2 68.0 Germany 81.1 78.0 69.8 77.7 77.5 68.3 73.3 71.0 70.7 78.3 86.0 76.5 78.4 Bermuda 66.6 66.0 65.4 64.3 62.6 64.5 65.5 64.4 60.7 64.0 64.8 66.5 67.5 United Arab Emirates 54.5 56.0 56.8 56.3 57.7 60.0 59.0 59.7 59.6 60.0 59.7 59.3 57.5 Sweden 48.3 43.4 43.8 44.5 43.4 44.6 44.6 44.7 46.0 45.5 45.1 46.2 46.3 Netherlands 42.9 43.0 43.6 42.8 43.0 43.0 43.4 45.1 44.8 45.1 42.5 43.9 44.8 Kuwait 42.3 40.8 41.3 43.9 44.1 43.8 43.5 42.9 43.0 43.9 42.6 36.9 36.3 Italy 42.1 41.2 40.3 40.4 39.6 39.6 37.3 38.4 40.6 39.6 36.4 37.2 36.6 Australia 41.8 42.6 39.7 41.3 38.9 36.8 38.4 39.2 39.8 37.6 36.2 34.3 38.7 Mexico 40.5 41.1 46.8 45.7 41.5 39.3 40.7 39.8 41.0 43.6 43.8 47.0 36.0 Spain 37.7 36.6 34.7 34.9 35.3 37.3 37.5 36.2 31.9 34.6 31.3 32.0 32.4 Israel 35.4 30.0 29.0 28.9 30.8 31.1 30.4 29.6 28.2 28.2 29.9 29.3 29.1 Iraq 34.7 34.0 34.6 32.1 31.1 29.4 29.8 28.3 26.5 24.5 22.4 21.7 22.3 Poland 32.8 33.8 39.6 40.2 40.0 40.1 39.9 40.6 40.6 40.2 41.4 40.3 40.4 Chile 30.0 29.4 28.7 28.9 29.3 28.9 28.7 28.8 29.2 30.2 29.1 30.6 30.8 All Other 499.8 493.7 486.3 494.3 495.4 491.2 515.1 524.7 518.3 524.0 551.8 598.0 604.2 Grand Total 6385.1 6334.4 6262.1 6199.7 6200.1 6225.6 6278.3 6254.2 6224.8 6215.1 6180.5 6223.2 6221.5 Of which: For. Official 4024.6 3980.0 3949.7 3901.2 3947.1 4010.1 4021.1 4007.8 3988.6 3990.9 4006.2 4051.7 4031.0 Treasury Bills 315.3 305.1 310.4 311.8 306.6 316.7 329.3 339.6 336.3 346.3 323.2 318.6 333.9 T-Bonds & Notes 3709.2 3674.9 3639.3 3589.4 3640.5 3693.4 3691.8 3668.1 3652.3 3644.6 3683.0 3733.1 3697.0 Department of the Treasury/Federal Reserve Board April 15, 2019 1/ The data in this table are collected primarily from U.S.-based custodians and broker-dealers. Since U.S. securities held in overseas custody accounts may not be attributed to the actual owners, the data may not provide a precise accounting of individual country ownership of Treasury securities (see TIC FAQ #7 at: http://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/data-chart-center/tic/Pages/ticfaq1.aspx). Estimated foreign holdings of U.S. Treasury marketable and non-marketable bills, bonds, and notes reported under the Treasury International Capital (TIC) reporting system are based on monthly data on holdings of Treasury bonds and notes as reported on TIC Form SLT, Aggregate Holdings of Long-Term Securities by U.S. and Foreign Residents and on TIC Form BL2, Report of Customers' U.S. Dollar Liabilities to Foreign Residents.