MAJOR FOREIGN HOLDERS OF TREASURY SECURITIES (in billions of dollars) HOLDINGS 1/ AT END OF PERIOD Dec Nov Oct Sep Aug Jul Jun May Apr Mar Feb Jan Dec Country 2018 2018 2018 2018 2018 2018 2018 2018 2018 2018 2018 2018 2017 ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ China, Mainland 1123.5 1121.4 1138.9 1151.4 1165.1 1171.0 1179.0 1183.1 1181.9 1187.7 1176.7 1168.2 1184.9 Japan 1042.3 1036.6 1018.5 1028.0 1029.9 1035.5 1032.2 1048.9 1031.8 1044.4 1060.1 1066.0 1061.6 Brazil 303.1 311.4 313.9 317.0 317.8 299.7 300.1 299.2 294.1 286.0 272.9 265.7 256.8 Ireland 280.0 279.6 287.3 290.4 311.6 300.2 301.3 301.0 300.6 318.1 314.2 327.7 326.6 United Kingdom 272.9 258.9 263.9 276.3 272.6 271.7 274.4 265.0 262.6 263.6 250.6 243.3 249.9 Switzerland 235.0 227.5 225.2 226.9 232.0 233.1 236.3 243.4 242.2 245.4 248.0 251.1 249.6 Luxembourg 231.0 225.7 225.4 227.2 224.0 221.5 220.5 208.9 213.8 221.5 218.6 220.9 217.6 Cayman Islands 211.0 207.5 208.2 200.2 197.5 197.9 191.1 186.2 181.3 165.9 177.3 168.0 170.6 Hong Kong 196.2 189.2 185.0 192.3 193.2 194.4 196.5 191.9 194.1 196.3 196.6 194.3 194.7 Belgium 185.7 173.0 169.7 164.7 154.3 154.5 154.7 150.5 139.5 126.7 126.8 124.6 119.2 Saudi Arabia 171.6 169.9 171.3 176.1 169.5 166.8 164.3 162.2 159.9 151.2 150.9 143.7 147.4 Taiwan 157.3 155.4 162.4 166.5 163.2 164.2 162.6 164.8 168.1 170.1 170.7 175.4 180.9 India 141.3 138.5 138.2 144.0 140.6 142.6 147.3 148.9 152.8 157.0 152.9 148.6 144.7 Singapore 121.1 128.8 133.0 134.5 129.9 127.6 122.1 118.9 118.0 117.8 118.0 122.6 125.0 Korea 114.9 110.2 111.1 110.8 110.2 109.1 106.1 104.8 104.7 100.6 101.3 101.8 96.3 France 110.9 131.6 109.4 97.7 113.6 111.0 93.4 89.6 82.6 80.9 77.0 78.4 80.9 Canada 109.9 106.3 101.9 94.1 96.2 96.1 102.3 96.7 89.4 93.0 89.1 86.1 86.1 Norway 84.9 47.3 61.3 63.6 66.7 61.1 50.0 49.7 39.4 40.2 50.4 46.9 51.1 Thailand 72.0 64.9 65.3 66.1 63.3 63.0 58.6 62.2 60.8 57.2 68.0 67.2 60.9 Germany 69.8 77.7 77.5 68.3 73.3 71.0 70.8 78.3 86.0 76.5 78.4 71.0 72.3 Bermuda 65.4 64.3 62.6 64.5 65.5 64.4 60.7 64.0 64.8 66.5 67.5 67.7 67.0 United Arab Emirates 56.8 56.3 57.7 60.0 59.0 59.7 59.6 60.0 59.7 59.3 57.5 55.6 57.7 Mexico 46.8 45.7 41.5 39.3 40.7 39.8 41.0 43.6 43.8 47.0 36.0 36.2 39.1 Sweden 43.8 44.5 43.4 44.6 44.6 44.7 46.3 45.5 45.1 46.2 46.3 46.3 43.9 Netherlands 43.6 42.8 43.0 43.0 43.4 45.1 44.8 45.1 42.5 43.9 44.8 45.1 48.6 Kuwait 41.3 43.9 44.1 43.8 43.5 42.9 43.0 43.9 42.6 36.9 36.3 36.9 36.8 Italy 40.3 40.4 39.6 39.6 37.3 38.4 40.7 39.6 36.4 37.2 36.6 35.4 35.2 Australia 39.7 41.3 38.9 36.8 38.4 39.2 39.8 37.6 36.2 34.3 38.7 38.1 37.7 Poland 39.6 40.2 40.0 40.1 39.9 40.6 40.6 40.2 41.4 40.3 40.4 40.7 40.0 Spain 34.7 34.9 35.3 37.3 37.5 36.2 31.9 34.6 31.3 32.0 32.4 34.7 33.5 Iraq 34.6 32.1 31.1 29.4 29.8 28.3 26.5 24.5 22.4 21.7 22.3 21.3 20.7 All Other 544.1 552.1 555.5 551.3 574.3 583.1 575.7 582.4 610.8 657.9 664.2 664.7 673.8 Grand Total 6265.2 6199.7 6200.1 6225.6 6278.3 6254.2 6214.0 6215.1 6180.5 6223.2 6221.5 6194.3 6211.3 Of which: For. Official 3949.7 3901.2 3947.1 4010.1 4021.1 4007.8 3990.4 3990.9 4006.2 4051.7 4031.0 4001.4 4024.0 Treasury Bills 310.4 311.8 306.6 316.7 329.3 339.6 336.3 346.3 323.2 318.6 333.9 325.0 317.2 T-Bonds & Notes 3639.3 3589.4 3640.5 3693.4 3691.8 3668.1 3654.1 3644.6 3683.0 3733.1 3697.0 3676.4 3706.7 Department of the Treasury/Federal Reserve Board February 15, 2019 1/ The data in this table are collected primarily from U.S.-based custodians and broker-dealers. Since U.S. securities held in overseas custody accounts may not be attributed to the actual owners, the data may not provide a precise accounting of individual country ownership of Treasury securities (see TIC FAQ #7 at: http://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/data-chart-center/tic/Pages/ticfaq1.aspx). Estimated foreign holdings of U.S. Treasury marketable and non-marketable bills, bonds, and notes reported under the Treasury International Capital (TIC) reporting system are based on monthly data on holdings of Treasury bonds and notes as reported on TIC Form SLT, Aggregate Holdings of Long-Term Securities by U.S. and Foreign Residents and on TIC Form BL2, Report of Customers' U.S. Dollar Liabilities to Foreign Residents.